Category: Guides

基本的な英文法には、以下のようなものがあります。

文の基本形

英語の文は、主語、動詞、目的語の順序で構成されます。例えば、”I eat an apple.” という文は、主語が”I”、動詞が”eat”、目的語が”an apple”です。

動詞の時制

英語の動詞には過去形、現在形、未来形などの時制があります。例えば、”I eat an apple.” という文の動詞”eat”は現在形です。過去形では、”I ate an apple.” となります。

形容詞と副詞の使い分け

形容詞は、名詞や代名詞を修飾する役割を持ちます。副詞は、動詞や形容詞、他の副詞などを修飾する役割を持ちます。例えば、”He runs quickly.” という文では、”quickly”は副詞で、”runs”を修飾しています。

文の構成

英語の文は、主語と動詞だけでなく、修飾語や補語、前置詞句、接続詞などから成り立っています。例えば、”After I finish my homework, I will watch a movie.” という文では、”After I finish my homework”は前置詞句、”will watch”は動詞、”a movie”は目的語です。

文章の語順

英語では、基本的にSVO (Subject-Verb-Object) の語順をとりますが、例外もあります。例えば、疑問文では、”Do you like apples?” のように動詞と主語の順序が逆転します。

これらは英語の基本的な文法の一部ですが、より高度な文法もあります。継続的に学習を進め、自分に合った学習方法で英語の文法を身につけていくことが重要です。

Two neighbors talking
Martha: Hi Brittany! What horrible weather we’re having today. I’d love to go out, but I think it will just continue raining.
Brittany: Oh, I don’t know. Perhaps the sun will come out later this afternoon.
Martha: I hope you’re right. Listen, I’m going to have a party this Saturday. Would you like to come?
Brittany: Oh, I’d love to come. Thanks for the invitation! Who’s going to be there?
Martha: Well, a number of people haven’t told me yet. But, Peter and Mark are going to help out with the cooking!
Brittany: Hey, I’ll help, too!
Martha: Would you? That would be great!
Brittany: I’ll make lasagna!
Martha: That sounds delicious! I know my Italian cousins are going to be there. I’m sure they’ll love it.
Brittany: Italians? Maybe I’ll just bake a cake…
Martha: No, no. They’re not like that. They’ll love it.
Brittany: Well, if you say so. Is there going be a theme for the party?
Martha: No, I don’t think so. Just a chance to get together and have fun.
Brittany: I’m sure it’ll be lots of fun.
Martha: But I’m going to hire a clown!
Brittany: A clown! You’re kidding me.
Martha: No, I’m not! As I child, I always wanted a clown. Now, I’m going to have my own clown at my own party.
Brittany: I’m sure everyone will have a good laugh.
Martha: That’s the plan!

Two friends on the phone
Jim: Hello?
Barb: Hi, Jim, it’s Barb.
Jim: Hi Barb, what’s up?
Barb: I’m planning a surprise party for Bill’s birthday. I’m hoping you can come.
Jim: Of course! When is it?
Barb: It’ll be on Saturday. Bill will be home from work at six, so I want everyone to be here at five.
Jim: Okay, can I bring anything?
Barb: Let’s see…Susan is bringing chips and Joe is bringing sandwiches. Do you want to be in charge of dessert?
Jim: Sure, I’ll bring some brownies.
Barb: Great, see you then!
Jim: Can’t wait! Bye.
Barb: Bye!

Betty: Are you excited for Christmas, Dennis?
Dennis: Yeah, how about you?
Betty: I am, I still need to get a tree.
Dennis: I can help you pick one out.
Betty: That would be great, thanks. I want to put it in that corner.
Dennis: Are you going to decorate the rest of your house?
Betty: I think I’ll put up some tinsel, Christmas lights, and a wreath, but that’s all.
Dennis: Let me help you! I love the holidays!
Betty: Well, thanks Dennis, I appreciate it.
Dennis: Not a problem! Let’s go get that tree!
Betty: Let’s go!